Tariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1990 ni umunsi ufite umwanya ukomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda, kuko ari bwo Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF-Inkotanyi), ibinyujije mu ishami ryayo rya gisirikare ryari rizwi nka Rwanda Patriotic Army (RPA), yatangije urugamba rwitwaje intwaro ku butaka bw’u Rwanda.
Urugamba rwatangiriye ku mupaka wa Kagitumba, mu Majyaruguru y’Uburasirazuba bw’u Rwanda, aho ingabo za RPA zambukiye mu Rwanda ziyobowe na Maj Gen Fred Gisa Rwigema. Amakuru y’amateka y’u Rwanda agaragaza ko icyo gikorwa cyabaye intangiriro y’urugamba rwamaze imyaka hafi ine.
Mu gitondo cyo ku wa 1 Ukwakira 1990, umutwe w’ingabo za RPA wambutse umupaka wa Kagitumba uturutse muri Uganda. Abari bawurimo bari bagiye gutangiza urugamba rwari rugamije guhindura imiterere y’ubuzima bwa politiki n’imibereho y’Abanyarwanda bari bamaze igihe bari mu buhungiro.
Raporo y’amateka yanditswe ku rugamba rwa RPF igaragaza ko Fred Rwigema yayoboye umutwe w’ingabo wavuye i Kampala mu ijoro ryo ku wa 30 Nzeri, ukagera hafi y’umupaka mbere yo kwinjira mu Rwanda ku munsi wakurikiyeho.
Mu ntangiriro z’urugamba, ingabo za RPA zageze ku bice bitandukanye birimo Gabiro n’umujyi wa Nyagatare, mbere y’uko ibintu bihinduka nyuma y’urupfu rwa Fred Rwigema ku wa 2 Ukwakira 1990.
Ku munsi wakurikiyeho, Maj Gen Fred Gisa Rwigema yiciwe mu rugamba. Urupfu rwe rwagize ingaruka ku miyoborere y’ingabo zari zimaze kwinjira mu Rwanda, maze ibikorwa by’imirwano bikomeza mu bihe byari bikomeye.
Nyuma yaho,Perezida Paul Kagame, wari umwe mu bari bafite uruhare mu buyobozi bwa RPF, yagarutse mu rugamba maze aba umwe mu bayoboye ibikorwa by’ingabo mu myaka yakurikiyeho. Amateka abitswe na Clinton Presidential Library agaragaza ko Kagame yagarutse nyuma y’urupfu rwa Rwigema, akomeza kuyobora RPF mu rugamba rwakurikiyeho.
Urugamba rwatangiye ku wa 1 Ukwakira 1990 rwakomeje mu bihe bitandukanye kugeza muri Nyakanga 1994.
Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Umurage w’u Rwanda kivuga ko urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda rwatangiye ku wa 1 Ukwakira 1990 rukarangira ku wa 4 Nyakanga 1994.
Tariki ya 4 Nyakanga 1994, ingabo za RPA zafashe Kigali, mu gihe Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yari imaze amezi atatu iba bica Abatutsi n’abandi batari bashyigikiye ubwo bwicanyi.
Uyu munsi, amateka y’urwo rugamba abikwa ahantu hatandukanye mu Rwanda, harimo Ingoro y’Amateka y’Urugamba rwo Kubohora u Rwanda, izwi nka Umulindi w’Intwari, iri mu Karere ka Gicumbi. Iyo ngoro igaragaza bimwe mu byaranze urugamba, harimo n’indaki yakoreshejwe n’ubuyobozi bukuru bwa RPA.
Imyaka ishize kuva icyo gihe, tariki ya 1 Ukwakira yakomeje kuba umunsi wibutswaho intangiriro y’urugamba rwa RPF/RPA, ndetse n’abantu bagize uruhare mu rugamba rwamaze imyaka hafi ine.
